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Tech debt

Shortcuts and outdated design in code that make each later change slower or riskier, like interest on a loan, until the team repays the debt by refactoring. Ward Cunningham coined the metaphor in 1992. Some debt is a deliberate tradeoff to ship sooner; its cost is the extra effort it adds to every later change.

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Each Service has a tech debt percentage. Every shipped Feature adds 6 points under Move fast, 3 under Balanced, and 1 under Quality, plus 1 with no framework, and a task shipped during an Incident adds 2. Debt cuts velocity by up to half, raises the bad-deploy chance up to 3 times, and makes every Incident likelier. The Refactor task (10 Dev Hours) removes 20 points, and the Quality policy pays some down by itself.

Brooks's law, Strangler pattern, Code review, DORA metrics

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